Role in the Goa Referendum Jack de Sequeira

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goa annexed india indian army operation on december 19, 1961. integrated indian union in 1962.


goa s first polls held on december 9, 1963.


the 2 main parties ugp , mgp formed 2 opposing ideologies. mgp wanted merge state of goa newly formed state of maharashtra whereas ugp wanted retain independent statehood former portuguese enclaves.


the united goans party(ugp) formed in 1962-63 following merger of 3 local parties. dr sequeira founding president


of 30 seats in assembly 28 belonged goa, , 1 each daman , diu. mgp formed government, having secured 16 seats while ugp secured 12. assembly of goa, daman , diu convened on 9 january 1964. dayanand bandodkar of mgp became first chief minister.


the mgp , politicians in maharashtra elated @ victory , touted mandate majority of goans in favour of merger.


at time of goa’s accession india, prime minister jawaharlal nehru had categorically stated goa retain distinct identity. following mgps victory , raised pitch merger. dr. sequeira visited new delhi along mlas , impressed nehru need of opinion poll on matter . nehru died before parliament take decision , lal bahadur shastri succeeded him prime minister. delegation consisting of mgp mlas , maharashtra’s leaders went new delhi convince him vote on merger should conducted in goa assembly.


dr. sequeira, along others went bangalore aicc session being held , met shastri. opposed move merger voted in assembly , impressed on shastri , kamraj, need put question before people of goa themselves.


dr. sequeira shrewdly managed backing of legislators of mysore state( karnataka). impressed them if maharashtra managed convince centre merge goa maharashra, bolster case karwar , supa.


however shastri died in 1966 in tashkent , decision left new prime minister indira gandhi. again dr. jack , legislators met new prime minister , submitted memorandum such monumental decision affecting future of state not left legislators alone, should put before people decide. referendum conducted via signature campaign or secret ballot. since large number of goans worked outside goa,and indeed, outside india expats, ugp demanded these expats should allowed vote postal ballot. parliament agreed conduct referendum means of secret ballot ruled out postal ballots.


now referendum conducted, dr. sequeira feared bandodkar may use state’s administrative , law-enforcement machinery browbeat anti-mergerists submission. ugp demanded mgp government resign referendum conducted in free-and-fair atmosphere. on 3 december 1966, mgp government resigned.


dr. sequeira traveled extensively exhorting people vote against merger. in cause, visited places such colaba , kalyan in bombay, convincing goans staying there support cause.


the opinion poll held on 16 january 1967. total of 3,17,633 votes polled. merger defeated 34,021 votes.








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