Events 1878

1 events

1.1 january–march
1.2 april–june
1.3 july–september
1.4 october–december
1.5 date unknown

events
january–march

january–september – cleopatra s needle erected in london.



january 5 – battle of shipka pass iv: russian , bulgarian forces defeat ottoman empire.
january 9 – umberto becomes king of italy.
january 17 – battle of philippopolis: russian troops defeat turks.
january 23 – benjamin disraeli orders british fleet dardanelles.
january 24 – revolutionary vera zasulich shoots @ fyodor trepov, governor of saint petersburg.
january 28 – yale news becomes first daily college newspaper in united states.
january 31 – turkey agrees armistice @ adrianople.
february 2 – greece declares war on turkey.
february 7 – pope pius ix dies after 31½ year reign (the longest confirmed).
february 8 – british fleet enters turkish waters , anchors off istanbul; russia threatens occupy istanbul not carry out threat.
february 18 – lincoln county war begins in lincoln county, new mexico.
february 19 – phonograph patented thomas edison.
february 20 – pope leo xiii succeeds pope pius ix 256th pope.
february 23 - sadguru shri gajanan maharaj appeared @ shegaon, dist: buldhana, maharashtra.
february 24 – anti-russian demonstrations occur in hyde park, london.
february 28 – mississippi state university created mississippi legislature (under name agricultural , mechanical college of state of mississippi).


october 31 – eldkvarn burns in stockholm.



march 24 – british royal navy frigate hms eurydice (1843) capsizes in english channel, killing 2 of 319 crew.
march 25 – russia rejects british proposal lay san stefano treaty before european congress.
march 27 – in anticipation of war russia, disraeli mobilizes reserves , calls indian troops malta.


europe after congress of berlin in 1878 , territorial , political rearrangement of balkan peninsula.


april–june

april 20 – stawell gift run first time in australia.
may 2 – washburn mill in minneapolis explodes, killing 18.
may 15 – tokyo stock exchange established.
may 25 – gilbert , sullivan s comic opera h.m.s. pinafore debuts in london @ opera comique first run of 571 performances.
june 1 – general postal union renamed universal postal union (upu).
june 4 – cyprus convention: ottoman empire cedes cyprus united kingdom retains nominal title.
june 13–july 13 – congress of berlin convenes discuss ottoman empire.
june 15 – eadweard muybridge produces sequence of stop-motion still photographs sallie gardner @ gallop in california, predecessor of silent film demonstrating 4 feet of galloping horse off ground @ same time.
june 20 – u.s. coastal survey renamed u.s. coast , geodetic survey.
june 22 – adolf erik nordenskiöld leaves karlskrona on voyage make him first man navigate northern sea route, shipping lane atlantic ocean pacific ocean along siberian coast.

july–september

july 4 – match race between champion thoroughbred racehorses ten broeck , mollie mccarty draws more 30,000 fans louisville , inspires folk song, molly , tenbrooks .
july 13 – treaty of berlin makes serbia, montenegro , romania independent, confirms autonomy of bulgaria, makes cyprus british possession , allows austria-hungary garrison bosnia vilayet.
august 9 – wallingford tornado of 1878, deadliest tornado in connecticut history, destroys town of wallingford, killing 34 people , injuring more 70.
august 26 – uyedineniya island discovered in kara sea norwegian explorer captain edvard holm johannesen.
september 3 – on 640 die when crowded pleasure boat princess alice collides bywell castle in river thames.
september 12 – cleopatra s needle erected in london, having arrived in england on january 21.
september 20 – hindu, indian newspaper, founded.

october–december

october 1 – virginia polytechnic institute , state university (virginia tech) opens virginia agricultural , mechanical college in united states.
october 14 – world s first recorded floodlit football fixture played @ bramall lane in sheffield, england.
october 17 – john a. macdonald returns office prime minister of canada.
october 31 – fire destroys eldkvarn gristmill mill in stockholm, sweden.
november 17 – first assassination attempt made against umberto of italy anarchist giovanni passannante, armed dagger. king survived slight wound in 1 arm. prime minister benedetto cairoli blocks aggressor, receiving leg injury.
november 21 – second anglo-afghan war commences when british attack ali masjid in khyber pass.
november 26 – american-born artist james mcneill whistler s libel case against english critic john ruskin on review of painting nocturne in black , gold – falling rocket (in whistler described flinging pot of paint in public s face ) decided in high court of justice in london. whistler wins farthing in nominal damages , half of costs, leading bankruptcy, , alienates patrons.
december 7 — united states territory of new mexico linked rest of nation railroad first time atchison, topeka , santa fe railway inaugurates newly completed line through raton pass.
december 25 — stella maris church in sliema, malta becomes parish - seceding parish of st. helen s in birkirkara.

date unknown

u.s. arbitration rejects argentine claims paraguay s part of chaco region.
otto von bismarck abandons kulturkampf , forces through legislation outlawing social democrats.
10-year nauruan tribal war breaks out.
yellow fever in mississippi valley kills on 13,000.
foundation of:

nainital cantonment.
the buchan school, isle of man.
the johns hopkins university press, america s oldest university press.
geiger (corporation), formed geiger brothers.
the following english association football clubs:

everton football club, formed st domingo.
grimsby town f.c., formed grimsby pelham.
ipswich town football club, formed amateur club ipswich a.f.c. not turn professional until 1936.
newton heath lancashire , yorkshire railway football club, team become manchester united.
west bromwich albion f.c..




leo tolstoy s novel anna karenina published complete in book form in moscow.
lester allan pelton produces first operational pelton wheel.
death of last confirmed cape lion.
remington, in united states, introduce no. 2 typewriter, first shift key enabling production of lower upper case characters.
in strasbourg, alsace-lorraine, studied stele of roman legionary caius largennius discovered.




^ ruskin, john (1877-07-02). fors clavigera.
^ whistler, j. mcneill (1890). gentle art of making enemies.
^ borneman, walter r. (2010). rival rails: race build america s greatest transcontinental railroad. random house digital. p. 168. 
^ v muzeu emila holuba se ukrýval kapský lev . novinky.cz (in czech). 2009-05-22. retrieved 2011-08-26.