Mating and parenting Japanese macaque

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macaques mating


a male , female macaque form pair bond , mate, feed, rest, , travel together, , typically lasts 16 days on average during mating season. females enter consortships average of 4 males season. higher-ranking males have longer consortships subordinates. in addition, higher-ranking males try disrupt consortships of lower-ranking males. females attempt mate males of rank. however, dominant males mate more more successful in mate guarding. female decides whether mating takes place. in addition, dominance not mean male mate female. males may temporarily join troop during mating season , mate females. females engage in same-sex mounting. such behavior because of hormones , females mounted more other females males.


during mating season, face , genitalia of males redden , tail stands erect. in addition, females faces , anogenital regions turn scarlet. macaques copulate both on ground , in trees, , 1 in 3 copulations leads ejaculation. macaques signal when ready mate looking backward on shoulder, staying still, or walking backwards towards potential partner. female emits smooth-late-high coo , or squawk , squeak , or produce atonal cackle during copulation. males have no copulatory vocalizations.



mother macaque infant


a macaque mother moves periphery of troop give birth in secluded spot, unless group moving, when female must stay it. macaques give birth on ground. infants born dark-brown hair. consume first solid food @ 5 6 weeks old, , can forage independently mothers 7 weeks. mother carries infant on belly first 4 weeks. after time, mother carries infant on back, well. infants continue carried past year. mother , infant tend avoid other troop members, , mother may socialize again slowly. however, alloparenting has been observed, females have not had infants of own. male care of infants occurs in groups, not in others; usually, older males protect, groom, , carry infant female would.


infants have developed locomotive abilities within 3 4 months. when infant 7 months old, mother discourages suckling; full weaning happens 18th month. in populations, male infants tend play in larger groups more females. however, female infants have more social interaction male counterparts. males prefer associate other males around same age, when 2 years old. female infants associate individuals of ages , sexes.








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