Design Ink cartridge

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thermal

most consumer inkjet printers, such made canon, hp, , lexmark (but not epson) use thermal inkjet; inside each partition of ink reservoir heating element tiny metal plate or resistor. in response signal given printer, tiny current flows through metal or resistor making warm, , ink in contact heated resistor vaporized tiny steam bubble inside nozzle. consequence, ink droplet forced out of cartridge nozzle onto paper. process takes fraction of millisecond.


the printing depends on smooth flow of ink, can hindered if ink begins dry @ print head, can happen when ink level becomes low. dried ink can cleaned cartridge print head using isopropyl alcohol or water. isopropyl alcohol damage printing head, melting plastic @ connections , rubber gaskets. tap water contains contaminants may clog print head, distilled water , lint-free cloth recommended.


the ink acts coolant protect metal-plate heating elements − when ink supply depleted, , printing attempted, heating elements in thermal cartridges burn out, permanently damaging print head. when ink first begins run low, cartridge should refilled or replaced, avoid overheating damage print head.


piezoelectric

all epson printers use piezoelectric crystal in each nozzle instead of heating element. when current applied, crystal changes shape or size, increasing pressure in ink channel , forcing droplet of ink nozzle. there 2 types of crystals used: elongate when subjected electricity or bi-morphs bend. ink channels in piezoelectric ink jet print head can formed using variety of techniques, 1 common method lamination of stack of metal plates, each of includes precision micro-fabricated features of various shapes (i.e. containing ink channel, orifice, reservoir , crystal). cool environment allows use of inks react badly when heated. example, 1/1000 of every ink jet vaporised due intense heat, , ink must designed not clog printer products of thermal decomposition. can make smaller ink drop in situations thermal inkjet schemes.








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