1845 Chronology of the Great Famine

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1 1845

1.1 august
1.2 september
1.3 october
1.4 november





1845
august

at beginning of august, sir robert peel, british prime minister, received news of potato disease in south of england. first recorded evidence blight had ravaged potato crop in north america had crossed atlantic. cecil woodham-smith write failure in england serious, ireland, disaster.


september

following earlier reports of incidences of blight in england, on 13 september 1845 potato blight first reported in ireland. crops @ dublin perishing, reported in gardeners chronicle, asking ireland in event of universal potato rot? british government nevertheless optimistic through next few weeks.


october

skibbereen 1847 cork artist james mahony (1810–1879), commissioned illustrated london news



as digging of potato crops began, devastating reports started coming in. sir robert peel found accounts alarming , writing sir james graham, home secretary on 13 october reminded him there tendency in irish news exaggerate. constabulary reports 15 reported great failures, sir james graham, home secretary wrote truth potato crop, until digging completed, not ascertained.
the prime minister robert peel prompted act, , on 15 october decided summon emergency meeting of cabinet 31 october. remedy decided repeal corn laws. peel decided set scientific commission go ireland , investigate potato blight , report on conditions.
the emergency cabinet meeting met on 31 october till 1 november. first day consisted of reading reports , memoranda ireland on potato failure. peel proposed relief commission established in ireland, , sum of money advanced lord -lieutenant. differences arose when peel pointed out these measures required advance of public money. purchase of food destitute districts open question of corn laws. possible, asked, vote public money sustenance of people on account of actual or apprehended scarcity , still maintain restrictions on free import of grain; peel declared not. on issue cabinet split, overwhelming majority voting against peel. unable reach decision, cabinet adjourned till 6 november.

the principle of corn laws had been keep price of home-grown grain up. duties on imported grain assured english farmers minimum , profitable price. burden of higher price bread carried labouring classes, in particular factory workers , operatives. claimed if corn laws repealed connected land ruined , established social organisation of country destroyed.


according cecil woodham-smith, rising wrath of tories , landlords ensured interest in ireland submerged. writes tory mayor of liverpool refused call meeting relief of irish distress. continues mansion house committee in dublin accused of deluding public false alarm , , blight represented invention of agitators on other side of water . entanglement of irish famine repeal of corn laws, says, key misfortune ireland. potato failure eclipsed domestic issue of corn law repeal. irish famine, writes, slipped background.


november

on 9–10 november peel ordered secret purchase of £100,000 worth of indian corn , meal america distribution in ireland.
on 15 november scientific commissioners reported half potato crop had been destroyed.
on 19 november mansion house committee in dublin claimed have ascertained beyond shadow of doubt considerably more one-third of entire potato crop...has been destroyed.
on 20 november relief commission first met.
unable persuade cabinet repeal corn laws, on 5 december peel tendered resignation queen victoria reinstated days later when lord john russell unable form government.




^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9: 39
^ christine kinealy, great calamity, gill & macmillan, 1994, isbn 0-7171-4011-3 pg.32 put date @ 16th
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9: 39–40
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9 pg.41
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9 pg.42
^ course of irish history (1994) edited t.w.moody , f.x.martin. page 268. mercier press. isbn 1-85635-108-4.
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9 pg.50
^ james s. donnelly, jr, great irish potato famine, sutton publishing 2005, uk, isbn 0-7509-2928-6 pg.44
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9 pg.44
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9 pg.51
^ cormac Ó gráda, ireland s great famine: interdisciplinary perspectives, dublin: university college dublin press, 2006, p. 7. isbn 1-904558-57-7 pg.15
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9: 54
^ christine kinealy, great calamity: irish famine 1845–52, dublin: gill & macmillan, 1994. isbn 0-7171-1832-0 pg.38, 46
^ james s. donnelly, jr, great irish potato famine, sutton publishing 2005, uk, isbn 0-7509-2928-6 pg.49
^ james s. donnelly, jr, great irish potato famine, sutton publishing 2005, uk, isbn 0-7509-2928-6 pg.43
^ christine kinealy, great calamity: irish famine 1845–52, dublin: gill & macmillan, 1994. isbn 0-7171-1832-0 pg. 41
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9: 57
^ christine kinealy, great calamity: irish famine 1845–52, dublin: gill & macmillan, 1994. isbn 0-7171-1832-0 pg.37
^ cecil woodham-smith (1962) great hunger: ireland 1845-9: 52






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