Later years Artaxerxes III

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persian empire @ beginning of artaxerxes iii s rule (green), , conquests , suppressed rebellions(dark grey)


after conquest of egypt, there no more revolts or rebellions against artaxerxes. mentor , bagoas, 2 generals had distinguished in egyptian campaign, advanced posts of highest importance. mentor, governor of entire asiatic seaboard, successful in reducing subjection many of chiefs during recent troubles had rebelled against persian rule. in course of few years mentor , forces able bring whole asian mediterranean coast complete submission , dependence.


bagoas went persian capital artaxerxes, took leading role in internal administration of empire , maintained tranquility throughout rest of empire. during last 6 years of reign of artaxerxes iii, persian empire governed vigorous , successful government.



tomb of artaxerxes iii @ persepolis


the persian forces in ionia , lycia regained control of aegean , mediterranean sea , took on of athens’ former island empire. in response, isocrates of athens started giving speeches calling ‘crusade against barbarians’ there not enough strength left in of greek city-states answer call.


although there weren t rebellions in persian empire itself, growing power , territory of philip ii of macedon in macedon (against demosthenes in vain warning athenians) attracted attention of artaxerxes. in response, ordered persian influence used check , constrain rising power , influence of macedonian kingdom. in 340 bc, persian force dispatched assist thracian prince, cersobleptes, maintain independence. sufficient effective aid given city of perinthus numerous , well-appointed army philip had commenced siege of city compelled give attempt. last year of artaxerxes rule, philip ii had plans in place invasion of persian empire, crown career, greeks not unite him.


in 338 bc artaxerxes poisoned bagoas assistance of physician.


the history of babylonian , persian kings known dynastic prophecy suggests arses killed after open revolt, not palace coup. confirms bagoas murdered king allows interpretation acted agent of darius.


a cuneiform tablet in british museum (bm 71537) suggests arses died natural causes.








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