Birthright Esau

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esau , jacob presented isaac (painting circa 1779–1801 benjamin west)


in genesis, esau returned twin brother jacob, famished fields. begs jacob give him red pottage (a play on nickname, hebrew: אדום‎‎`edom, meaning red .) this, of course, refers red hair. jacob offers esau bowl of lentil stew in exchange esau s birthright (hebrew: בְּכֹרָה‎‎ bəḵōrāh, right recognized firstborn son authority on family), , esau agrees. jacob acquires esau s birthright. believed origin of english phrase mess of pottage .


in genesis 27:1–40, jacob uses deception, motivated mother rebecca, lay claim blind father isaac s blessing inherently due firstborn, esau.


in genesis 27:5–7, rebecca listening while isaac speaks son esau. when esau goes field hunt venison bring home, rebekah says son jacob, behold, heard thy father speak thy brother esau, saying: bring me venison , prepare savoury food, may eat, , bless thee before lord before death. rebecca instructs jacob in elaborate deception through jacob pretends esau, in order steal esau blessing isaac , inheritance — in theory esau had agreed give jacob. jacob follows through plan steal brother s birthright bringing meal father isaac requested , pretending esau. jacob pulled off disguise covering himself in hairy lamb skin when blind father went touch him, smooth skin did not give him away imposter of hairy brother. jacob received father isaac s blessing. result, jacob becomes spiritual leader of family after isaac s death , heir of promises of abraham (genesis 27:37).


when esau learns of brother s thievery, livid , begs father undo blessing. isaac responds eldest son s plea saying had 1 blessing give , not reverse sacred blessing. esau furious , vows kill jacob (genesis 27:41). once again rebecca intervenes save younger son being murdered elder twin brother, esau.


therefore, @ rebecca s urging, jacob flees distant land work uncle laban (genesis 28:5). jacob not receive father s inheritance after impersonation aimed @ taking esau. having fled life, jacob has left wealth of isaac s flocks, land , tents in esau s hands. jacob forced sleep out on open ground , work wages servant in laban s household. jacob, had deceived , cheated brother, in turn deceived , cheated uncle. jacob asks marry laban s daughter rachel, whom has met @ well, , laban agrees, if jacob give him 7 years of service. jacob so, after wedding finds beneath veil not rachel leah, laban s elder daughter. agrees work 7 years , jacob , rachel wed. however, despite laban, jacob becomes rich incite envy of laban , laban s sons.



francesco hayez: esau , jacob reconcile (1844)


genesis 32–33 tells of jacob s , esau s eventual reconciliation. jacob sends multiple waves of gifts esau approach each other, hoping esau spare life. esau refuses gifts, wealthy , not need them. jacob never apologizes esau actions; jacob nevertheless bows down before esau , insists on receiving gifts. esau shows forgiveness in spite of bitter conflict. (after this, god confirms renaming of jacob israel .)





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