History European political party

-



1 history

1.1 timeline

1.1.1 1992
1.1.2 1997
1.1.3 2001
1.1.4 2003
1.1.5 2007
1.1.6 2014


1.2 defunct europarties





history
timeline
1992

section 41 of treaty of maastricht added article 138a treaty of rome. article 138a (later renumbered article 191) stated political parties @ european level important factor integration within union. contribute forming european awareness , expressing political of citizens of union. concept of political party @ european level born.


1997

article j.18 , article k.13 of treaty of amsterdam established should pay expenditure authorised article 138/191 within areas. provided mechanism whereby europarties paid out of european budget, , europarties started spend money. such expenditure included funding national parties, outcome not intended.


2001

article 2, section 19 of treaty of nice added second paragraph article 191 of treaty of rome. paragraph stated council, acting in accordance procedure referred in article 251, shall lay down regulations governing political parties @ european level , in particular rules regarding funding. reference article 251 refers co-decision, meant european parliament had involved. europarty funding had regulated council , european parliament, acting together.


2003

regulation (ec) no 2004/2003 of european parliament , of council of 4 november 2003 defined political party @ european level , specified funding should not go national parties, either directly or indirectly. meant european money should stay @ europarty level and, result, nascent europarties started organise on more european basis instead of acting mechanism funding national parties.


2007

that regulation later heavily amended decision of bureau of european parliament of 29 march 2004 , other amendments, latest of regulation (ec) no 1524/2007 of european parliament , of council of 18 december 2007 these amendments tightened procedures , funding , provided earlier-floated concept of political foundation @ european level . meant europarties can set , fund legally separate affiliated think-tanks (the eurofoundations) aid them, although funding national parties remains forbidden. revised regulation gives europarties exclusive responsibility campaign european elections , can use funds purpose (their corresponding political groups of european parliament strictly forbidden campaign).


2014

regulation (eu, euratom) no 1141/2014 of european parliament , of council of 22 october 2014 overhauled existing framework european political parties , foundations, including giving them legal status, , establishes authority purpose of registering, controlling , imposing sanctions on european political parties , european political foundations. authority body of european union.


this regulation repealed regulation (ec) no 2004/2003, provisions of regulation shall continue apply 2014, 2015, 2016 , 2017 budget years. although came force on 24 november 2014, regulations shall apply 1 january 2017. authority shall set 1 september 2016. european political parties , european political foundations registered after 1 january 2017 may apply funding under regulation activities starting in 2018 budget year or thereafter.


defunct europarties

the alliance of independent democrats in europe, loose association of eurosceptics , nationalists, met recognition threshold 2006 2008.
the heterogeneous alliance europe of nations, included moderate nationalists, national conservatives , eurosceptics, met recognition threshold 2004 2009.
the eurosceptic, national conservative, right populist movement europe of liberties , democracy recognized 2012 2016.
on 1 november 2008 declan ganley had registered company in dublin called libertas party ltd. libertas applied europarty recognition briefly granted suspended following disavowal of 2 of candidates.




^ eur-lex - 11992m/txt - en - eur-lex . retrieved 26 august 2015. 
^ eur-lex - 11997d/txt - en - eur-lex . retrieved 26 august 2015. 
^ eur-lex - 12001c/txt - en - eur-lex . retrieved 26 august 2015. 
^ eur-lex - 32003r2004 - en - eur-lex . retrieved 26 august 2015. 
^ eur-lex - 32004d0612(01) - en - eur-lex . retrieved 26 august 2015. 
^ regulation (ec) no 1524/2007 of european parliament , of council of 18 december 2007.
^ eu in drive make brussels more political euobserver.com 29 may 2007
^ regulation (eu, euratom) no 1141/2014 of european parliament , of council of 22 october 2014 on statute , funding of european political parties , european political foundations . official journal of european union. 22 october 2014. retrieved 16 september 2015. 
^ cite error: named reference ep20090120tmn46722 invoked never defined (see page).
^ cite error: named reference epsubventions_2005 invoked never defined (see page).
^ grants european parliament political parties @ european level 2004-2011 , 9 july 2011, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/
^ ganley registers libertas european political party irish times, saturday 1 november 2008






Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

File format Wavefront .obj file

-
1 file format 1.1 geometric vertex 1.2 parameter space vertices 1.3 face elements 1.3.1 vertex indices 1.3.2 vertex texture coordinate indices 1.3.3 vertex normal indices 1.3.4 vertex normal indices without texture coordinate indices 1.4 other geometry formats 1.5 referencing materials 1.6 relative , absolute indices file format lines beginning hash character (#) comments. # comment an obj file may contain vertex data, free-form curve/surface attributes, elements, free-form curve/surface body statements, connectivity between free-form surfaces, grouping , display/render attribute information. common elements geometric vertices, texture coordinates, vertex normals , polygonal faces: # list of geometric vertices, (x,y,z[,w]) coordinates, w optional , defaults 1.0. v 0.123 0.234 0.345 1.0 v ... ... # list of texture coordinates, in (u, v [,w]) coordinates, these vary between 0 , 1, w optional , defaults 0. vt 0.500 1 [0] vt ... ... # list of vertex normals in (x,y,z) for...
Read more

CEFR alignment Euroexam International

-
table 1 - euroexam cefr equivalence euroexam provides tests of communicative english language proficiency @ 5 of 6 levels of cefr, practical tool language professionals evaluate different linguistic competencies of ‘can do’ descriptors. euroexams written, marked, , results calibrated based on cefr levels. means euroexam c1 level pass equivalent other exam board’s c1 level pass, example ielts 6.5 no element less 5.5., or cambridge english language assessment s 180 or cae grade c. (see table 1) euroexams has been directly involved in number of cefr development projects, last of in 2016. euroexam employs combination of internal , independent research support claim of equivalence cefr , other major exams.
Read more

Books Soma Valliappan

-
1 books 1.1 hr, investment , management 1.2 columns 1.3 creative writing books hr, investment , management valliyappan’s first book, thittamiduvom vetriperuvom, dealt self-development, published in year 2002. first book did in market , continued authoring books such thottathellam ponnaagum, kaalam ungal kaladiyil etc. introduced many specialized subjects in management tamil readers. valliyappan’s alla alla panam, published in august 2004 kizhakku publishers (new horizon media), created new record of sorts in tamil publishing world. book sold ten thousand copies in first few months of launch, unheard of investment book in tamil. in 2010, book’s sale crossed 1 lakh mark. following phenomenal success of alla alla panam, (aap) introduced basics of stock market, went ahead , wrote 4 more books on different aspects of stock market , investment technical & fundamental analysis (aap-2), futures , options( aap-3), portfolio management (aap-4) , trading (aap-5). soon, valliyappan became name...
Read more