Daco-Roman period and early Middle Ages Sălaj County

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castra of buciumi



body chain 52 pendants, part of treasure of Șimleu silvaniei, exhibited @ kunsthistorisches museum in vienna.


between 2nd century bc , 1st century ad, current territory of sălaj occupied dacians. there dacian tribal union between crasna , barcău rivers controlled access roads north-west, , transylvania, commerce, salt trade. dacian period come no less 23 dacian thesauri, made of silver coins , ornaments. 3,000 coins , 70 silver ornaments weigh in total 13 kg. largest fortified dacian settlement in romania discovered in sălaj county, dating 1st century ad. in total, in sălaj county discovered sites of 30 dacian villages , 15 dacian citadels defending tribal union in west of current county. these citadels located on hills , fortified ditches , earth walls, on erected wooden palisades. center of tribal union on măgura Șimleului, in complex of settlements , fortifications.


in western half of county, under roman military control, subsequently settled vandals, entered alliance dacians, supported romans fight other barbarians. vandals arrived in area during 1st century ad, coming current territory of denmark.



porta praetoria @ porolissum



dezső citadel in almașu, built between 1247–1278, 1 of oldest , strongest medieval citadels in transylvania.


after conquering dacia, romans built on place of dacian settlement capital of dacia porolissensis, @ porolissum (current moigrad). capital porolissum had 20,000 inhabitants, defended militaries in local castra. work of art should mentioned amphitheater, scale replica of 1 in rome, capacity of 6,000 seats. in 214 ad, roman emperor marcus aurelius antonius visited porolissum. @ porolissum quartered period cohors iii dacorum, made of ethnic dacians, fought infantry.


in sălaj county area identified 9 roman castra (certinae, largiana, optatiana, porolissum, brusturi, buciumi, jac, tihău , zalău) , limes (fortified border) of province. in 275 ad, roman authorities leave province, indigenous people continue live same territories. presence attested archaeologically after leaving region roman imperial authorities.


there followed gepids, passed through area. 2 gepid gold thesauri discovered in Șimleu silvaniei, weighing in total 10 kg of gold , dating 5th century ad, exhibited in museums in vienna , budapest. in 6th–7th centuries ad arrive in area slavic tribes, find here native population.


in middle ages, in 10th century ad, boundary between voivodeship of menumorut , of gelu on meseș mountains. medieval period come more 100 settlements identified in sălaj county (7th–13th centuries). among first counties organized in transylvania crasna county, in 1090, part of current sălaj county.


byzantine chronicles , anonymus gesta hungarorum make first mentions romanians in these places, forms of organization, first documentary attestation of zalău (1220 villa ziloc).








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