Modern Colosseum

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the colosseum in 1757 engraving giovanni battista piranesi



1747 view giovanni paolo panini, emphasizing semi-rural environs of colosseum @ time


during 16th , 17th century, church officials sought productive role colosseum. pope sixtus v (1585–1590) planned turn building wool factory provide employment rome s prostitutes, though proposal fell through premature death. in 1671 cardinal altieri authorized use bullfights; public outcry caused idea hastily abandoned.



allied troops consult guidebook outside colosseum after liberation in 1944


in 1749, pope benedict xiv endorsed view colosseum sacred site christians had been martyred. forbade use of colosseum quarry , consecrated building passion of christ , installed stations of cross, declaring sanctified blood of christian martyrs perished there (see significance in christianity). however, there no historical evidence support benedict s claim, nor there evidence before 16th century suggested might case; catholic encyclopedia concludes there no historical grounds supposition, other reasonably plausible conjecture of many martyrs may have been.



interior of colosseum, rome (1832) thomas cole, showing stations of cross around arena , extensive vegetation


later popes initiated various stabilization , restoration projects, removing extensive vegetation had overgrown structure , threatened damage further. façade reinforced triangular brick wedges in 1807 , 1827, , interior repaired in 1831, 1846 , in 1930s. arena substructure partly excavated in 1810–1814 , 1874 , exposed under benito mussolini in 1930s.


the colosseum today 1 of rome s popular tourist attractions, receiving millions of visitors annually. effects of pollution , general deterioration on time prompted major restoration programme carried out between 1993 , 2000, @ cost of 40 billion italian lire ($19.3m / €20.6m @ 2000 prices).


in recent years colosseum has become symbol of international campaign against capital punishment, abolished in italy in 1948. several anti–death penalty demonstrations took place in front of colosseum in 2000. since time, gesture against death penalty, local authorities of rome change color of colosseum s night time illumination white gold whenever person condemned death penalty anywhere in world gets sentence commuted or released, or if jurisdiction abolishes death penalty. recently, colosseum illuminated in gold in november 2012 following abolishment of capital punishment in american state of connecticut in april 2012.


because of ruined state of interior, impractical use colosseum host large events; few hundred spectators can accommodated in temporary seating. however, larger concerts have been held outside, using colosseum backdrop. performers have played @ colosseum in recent years have included ray charles (may 2002), paul mccartney (may 2003), elton john (september 2005), , billy joel (july 2006).



the colosseum today background busy metropolis








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