Literature Novgorod Republic

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scholars believe republic of novgorod had unusually high level of literacy time period. archeologists found on 1 thousand birch-bark texts, dating 11th 15th centuries, in towns dating rus . 950 of these texts novgorod. archeologists , scholars assume fires destroyed majority of novgorod’s written works , 20,000 similar texts still remain hidden in city.


novgorod citizens class levels, boyars peasants , artisans merchants, participated in writing these texts. women wrote significant amount of manuscripts. collection of birch-bark texts consists of religious documents, writings city’s archbishops, business messages classes, , travelogues, of religious pilgrimages. citizens of novgorod wrote in realistic , businesslike fashion. collection of birch-bark texts includes chronicles of byliny (russian folklore , epic stories). heroes of these stories commonly men represented free , adventurous spirit of novgorod republic. 1 popular figure of time sadko, business man , traveler. popular figure vasilii buslaev, young giant gets fights neighbors. in addition birch-bark texts, archeologists found oldest surviving russian manuscript in novgorod: 3 wax tablets psalms 67, 75, , 76, dating first quarter of 11th century.








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